Batch Operating System
A Batch Operating System is designed to handle large groups of similar jobs efficiently. It does not interact with the computer directly but instead processes jobs that are grouped by an operator. These jobs are queued and executed one after the other, without user interaction during the process.
Batch Operating System
Batch Operating System
Advantages of Batch Operating System
Efficient Job Management: Multiple users can efficiently share the system, making it cost-effective.
Minimal Idle Time: The system minimizes idle time by processing jobs in a continuous sequence without human intervention.
Handling Repetitive Tasks: Ideal for managing large, repetitive tasks, such as payroll and billing, with minimal effort.
Improved Throughput: Batch systems can handle high volumes of jobs at once, improving overall system throughput.
Disadvantages of Batch Operating System
Inefficient CPU Utilization: When a job is waiting for input/output (I/O), the CPU remains idle, leading to poor utilization of resources.
Unpredictable Job Completion: If one job fails, others may be delayed indefinitely, making job completion time unpredictable.
Increased Response Time: The time between job submission and output can be high as all jobs are processed sequentially.
Lack of Real-Time Feedback: Users cannot interact with the system in real-time, making it less suitable for interactive tasks.
Examples:
Payroll Systems
Bank Statements
2. Multi-Programming Operating System
In a Multi-Programming Operating System, multiple programs run in memory at the same time. The CPU switches between programs, utilizing its resources more effectively and improving overall system performance.
System with multiple programming options Multi Programming
Advantages of Multi-Programming Operating System
The CPU is used more effectively, and the system performs better as a whole. It aids in speeding up responses. 3. Operating systems that share time and do multiple tasks Multitasking OS is a type of Multiprogramming system with every process running in round robin manner. In order to ensure that all of the tasks run smoothly, time is allotted to each one. Each user gets the time of the CPU as they use a single system. These systems are also known as Multitasking Systems. The task can be from a single user or different users. Quantum time refers to the amount of time each task takes to complete. After this time interval is over, the OS switches over to the next task.
Types-of-OS-01
Advantages of Time-Sharing OS
Each task gets an equal opportunity.
Fewer chances of duplication of software.
CPU idle time can be cut in half. Resource Sharing: Time-sharing systems allow multiple users to share hardware resources such as the CPU, memory and peripherals, reducing the cost of hardware and increasing efficiency.
Improved Productivity: Time-sharing allows users to work concurrently, thereby reducing the waiting time for their turn to use the computer. This increased productivity translates to more work getting done in less time.
Time-sharing offers a better user experience than batch processing because it creates an interactive environment in which users can communicate with the computer in real time. Disadvantages of Time-Sharing OS
Reliability problem.
One must take care of the security and integrity of user programs and data.
Data communication problem.
High Overhead: Time-sharing systems have a higher overhead than other operating systems due to the need for scheduling, context switching and other overheads that come with supporting multiple users.
Complexity: Time-sharing systems are complex and require advanced software to manage multiple users simultaneously. This complexity increases the chance of bugs and errors.
Security Risks: With multiple users sharing resources, the risk of security breaches increases. Time-sharing systems require careful management of user access, authentication and authorization to ensure the security of data and software.